Mexican Immigrants in the United States Essay Example for Free

Mexican Immigrants in the United States Essay Dynamic Choosing to concentrate on the Mexican Immigrant in the United States working environment will assist with building up a comprehension of how hierarchical choices guarantee the acknowledgment and incorporation of the gathering with those of the organization’s in-bunch making a brought together workplace. Chao and Willaby (2007) estimated that everybody had their own vision of how the world functions and following up on it dependent on what they have seen as being valid; in some cases the dreams of others are hard to comprehend or acknowledge, which can cause difficulty and estrangement in the working environment. As per Adu-Febiri (2006) the obligation of transformational authority is to raise worker mindfulness; in this manner, starting the excursion for a comprehensive and brought together workplace. Mei and Russ (2007) distinguished that management’s target ought to be to assist authoritative workers with establishing an establishment of building up the center and social skills that are basic to creating powerful techniques for supporting change and social mixing. The consequences of this exposition and the finishing of representative meetings will assist with increasing zones of self-completion and ethnic and etymological capabilities of the creator and every single social gathering she will be responsible. Mexican Immigrants in the United States Workplace Introduction Chao and Willaby (2007) exhorted that everybody had their own vision of how the world functions and that everybody performs as per their view of the correct method to live as a piece of that world. Greenwood (2007) fights there are contrasting view of how the world works makes complex difficulties when attempting to mix varying convictions toward a bound together condition. The accompanying writing audit centers around raising the degree of assorted variety cognizance as it identifies with Mexican outsiders in the work environment. Deaux, Reid, Martin, and Bikmen (2006) recognized that the Hispanic sociohistorical viewpoint gave critical data mirroring a free gathering that is devoted to their families and attempting to make due in a situation that frequently detests them being in the working environment. Parrado and Kandel (2010) fight the Hispanic gathering is one of the quickest developing minority bunches that has amplified the flexibly of low-gifted specialists. The creator likewise recognized the group’s battle with semantic difficulties as being what kept numerous from accomplishing instructive requirements, which compounds the group’s fairness in the working environment. Patterns in Workplace Diversity Globalization, innovation, and expanded versatile capacity have made different ethnic and etymological difficulties looked about the globe. Greenwood (2008) fought that a portion of the Hispanic gathering decided to move to the United States in quest for a higher caliber of life; others settled on their choices dependent on a lower average cost for basic items and others came distinctly to make a salary that could be sent back to their country to deal with family deserted. Whatever the purpose behind the deluge difficulties to accomplishing solidarity in the working environment start at the beginning and will turn out to be progressively perplexing in nature as the quantity of ethnic and etymological minorities keep on developing. The subjective investigation performed by deCastro, Fujishiro, Sweitzer, and Oliva, (2006) guessed the negative work environment encounters of minority bunches were comprehensive of phonetic obstructions, poor and dangerous working conditions, illicit strategies for pay, business related wounds, and, at last, a predictable loss of employments. Adu-Febiri (2006) guessed that work environment conditions require the formation of chances for incorporation of all related with the association that registers all toward a genuine multicultural personality. Effect of Global Economy deCastro, et al (2006) gave that the effects of a worldwide economy are extensive and have served to change the very texture of social convictions and network structures. The creators clarify that a considerable lot of the in-vagrants consider the to be economies as another and promising component of flourishing; while huge numbers of the local gathering trusts it to be the sign of fate. For better and more terrible, everybody should find out about and from each other. Rizvi (2009) estimated the effect of a worldwide economy as being acknowledged in regular exercises, for example, forms at work, social interrelationships, capital, data trades, food and merchandise, and thoughts. The worldwide economy changed the elements of working with the upgrade of innovation, correspondence, legislative issues, and migration. Adu-Febiri’s (2006) conflicts of the worldwide condition incorporated the potential for social disintegration because of an absence of human factor competency. As business globalization develops so do the difficulties for keeping up ethnic social standards in a way that makes work environment incorporation. Chao and Willaby (2007) reverberated Adu-Febiri’s considerations when they stated the globalization has made the test of the employing of settlers around the globe; the creators keep up, â€Å"†¦has no geographic, political, or social bounds† (Chao and Willaby, p. 32, 2007). The creators further recognized difficulties of minority ethnic and etymological gatherings have been to clutch their social and semantic cosmetics: Globalization has urged numerous to dress the way different dresses and eat what the different eats, the outcome being a social homogenization process and the inconspicuous feelings of ethnic social disgrace inside gatherings. Chao and Willaby (2007) clarified that diminishing and at last disposing of the effect of social homogenization, the unmistakable and progressively unpretentious types of separation, ethnic and phonetic predisposition requires the development of decent variety cognizance as certain intellectual familiarity with the executives and workers. Separation Practices Carr-Ruffino (2005) disclosed that difficulties to guaranteeing segregation doesn't exist in the work environment requires an intensive comprehension of the setting it happens, which requires elevated levels of mindfulness and a critical comprehension of every single ethnic gathering in the work environment. Findler, Wind, and Mor Barak (2007) affirmed that the consistently developing test of decent variety has attempted to make requests that associations decide and execute techniques for viably adapting to workforce assorted variety. Various hypothetical perspectives and studies distinguish ongoing ideas that incorporate impression of consideration or prohibition, reasonableness, social and hierarchical responsibility, work fulfillment, and the general feeling of prosperity. Another investigation performed by Krings and Olivares (2007) scrutinized the effect of ethnicity, work type, inclination, and the responsibility to talk with segregation rehearses from the business viewpoint. The examination settled there was a higher potential for inclination and biased practices when there was an absence of decent variety cognizance. Echautegui-de-Jesus, et al (2006) clarified that working close by an ethnic and sexual orientation bunch the local gathering sees as being unique in relation to themselves makes difficulties emerging from imbalanced gathering powers. The Rubini, Moscatelli, Albarello, and Palmonari (2006) study thought about the unfair impacts of gathering force and social recognizable proof as it identifies with semantic separation. The investigation discovered more elevated levels of prejudicial practices were available when in-bunch members reacted in progressively positive approach to other in-bunch individuals than they did with those thought about the outside gathering. Another investigation finished by Echautegui-de-Jesus, Hughes, Johnston, and Hyun (2006) analyzed the impacts of the employee’s mental feeling of prosperity and occupation fulfillment as it identifies with worker execution. Echautegui-de-Jesus, et al (2006) recognized that minority bunches frequently see themselves as being compromised with the loss of their understanding of the world; the outcome being the loss of capacity to accomplish a feeling of having a place, which brings into center Robinson’s (2008) conflict that distinguishing unfair practices regularly depends on view of disputes of separation of the recipient. The requirement for more significant levels of getting assorted variety and the connection between accomplishing a feeling of prosperity will be basic to the Hispanic group’s proceeded with development as a piece of a worldwide world. The examinations and hypothetical perspectives surveyed gave a more profound understanding to potential oppressive works on emerging from the expansion of the working environment. Ruane (2010) clarified that as globalized work keeps on developing and develop, ability pools will increment in a way that significantly upgrades an organization’s capacity to work together anyplace on the planet. Exploiting the globalized potential requires the executives and representatives increase present expectations on assorted variety cognizance to make a feeling of prosperity for everybody in the working environment condition. Obliging Diversity Ruane (2010) distinguished the requirement for pleasing assorted variety in the work environment and that it required preparing, techniques, and strategies for overseeing decent variety that made fairness and a feeling of prosperity for everybody associated with workplace. A basic advance toward recognizing the level and growing needs of assorted variety cognizance requires the distinguishing proof of mentalities and actualized plans that will keep up and increment the shared opinion between completely identified with the working environment. The investigation performed by Greenwood (2008) specified the more a work environment condition expands the more troublesome it would become for representatives to keep up the feeling of being a piece of a brought together workplace, which requires significant levels of pledge to assorted variety rehearses consistently. Ruane (2010) conjectured the significance of readily and transparently making chances of incorporation starts with making open door for shared assorted variety encounters that will expand decent variety awareness after some time. The

Organization Development and Change Stakeholder Mental Model

Question: Examine about theOrganization Development and Change for Stakeholder Mental Model. Answer: Investigation of Stakeholder Mental Model Income Inequality in Philippines Partners Mental Models Characters (jobs) accepted Presumptions Convictions/Values Perspectives/run of the mill conduct Government organizations - Peoples defender - Initiate tasks to ease destitution - Will supervise reasonableness to all residents. - Will act to the greatest advantage of the individuals - Will not take from the open spreads - Will consistently act in nonpartisanship to all individuals - Neutrality to all - Integrity - Impartiality - Not impartial to all - Local gatherings and Civil Society Organization - Champions for the privileges of the residents. - raise worries for the benefit of the individuals should the administration abuses them. - Will consistently secure poor people - Integrity - Fairness - Neutral - Fair Ideological groups - Champion for the privileges of the residents - Sponsors bills to support poor people - Will consistently advocate for its supporters - Partial - Equality - vote based - Not so vote based Government offices consistently have a job of securing her kin and guaranteeing that all residents paying little heed to economic wellbeing get equivalent treatment. It is expected that the administration consistently acts to the greatest advantage of the individuals and convictions in lack of bias and trustworthiness. Be that as it may, the mentality is consistently extraordinary particularly after decisions. Her dynamic can be supposed to be various leveled. More weight is offered to the thoughts of the senior government authorities with respect to the issues of salary imbalance in Philippines and some other government choice. Local gatherings and common society associations have solid characters in supporting for the privileges of the residents particularly the helpless in the general public on the grounds that the vast majority of them are framed for this reason. They are expected to consistently represent poor people and secure them. They put stock in value and reasonableness for all and are equitable and reasonable in what they do. The foundation here is that of libertarianism has they include everybody in choice they make. The Political gatherings are consistently overeager on the privileges of the individuals particular its supporters and have jobs of supporting bills to parliament to advocate for the privileges of the poor.They are thought to be advocate for their supporters and faith in uniformity and vote based system. The ideological groups are not fair by and by. Their view on one issue relies upon their inclinations and political aspirations. They display individualistic foundations standards and qualities. Fundamentally Consider/Briefly Describe/State While handling the fiendish issue the administration assumes the job of strategy improvement and asset assignment in an offer to determine the issues of salary powerlessness in Philippines. The Civil gatherings upset for these approach changes while the ideological groups support the bills through their lawmakers in the parliament.(Proceedings of the joint AFAC, 2006) The new government is loaded up with fury and feelings on the grounds that the past systems discussed lessening pay disparity yet it didnt. Same thing applies to the common gatherings. They are raising to roll out discount improvements including carrying national government to help circulate the assets and lessen salary disparity among poor people and the rich. The ideological groups which make up the congress are blamed for being degenerate and requesting cash before supporting any bill. The upheld hypotheses and speculations being used don't coordinate impeccably on account of the issue of defilement with respect to the legislators in congress. What should be done is the President to bring congress and convince them into purchasing his concept of central government. The dug in undemocratic nature of the ideological groups obstructs progress towards objective and this can be settled through extreme campaigning by the administration positively for them to become tied up with supporti ng great deeds being finished by the new government.(Bee, Berzins, Calam, Pryjmachuk, Abel, 2013) Taking a gander at the issues raised on what the past systems have been doing or not been doing and pay off charges against the congress and by augmentation the government officials, at that point it has been valued that the dug in culture have a solid bearing on the choices and activities taken by any gathering will rely upon its accepts and qualities and measures have been proposed to moderate them. The partners are worried on various issues which may thwart the way toward connecting monetary imbalance in Philippines through the central government. Worries about if the congress will bolster the adjustment in constitution - as it has a long history of contradicting any change to the constitution - to make new arrangement of government that will address the imbalance in Philippines. The administrative arrangement of government which will guarantee all aspects of the Philippines get a lot of the national assets. (Diary of Political Economy, 2016) I t will require around one year to have all the conversations finished with all the partners and furthermore instruct the general population on the significance of the new arrangement of government being proposed. This will likewise give abundant chance to budgetary assignments that will bolster the new government and that is reasonable enough. References Honey bee, P., Berzins, K., Calam, R., Pryjmachuk, S., Abel, K. (2013).Defining Quality of Life in the Children of Parents with Severe Mental Illness: A Preliminary Stakeholder-Led Model.Plos ONE, 8(9), e73739. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073739 Diary of Political Economy. (2016). Diary Of Political Economy, 124(4). https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/688673 Nassreddine, G. Anis, J. (2012). Partner approach, Stakeholders mental model: A perception test with intellectual mapping method. The board Science Letters, 2(2), 439-456. https://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2012.01.012 Procedures of the joint AFAC.(2006). [Melbourne, Vic.].

Women rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ladies rights - Essay Example Regardless of making such a major part of mankind, just around 7,000,000 ladies are utilized while the rest accomplish local work in their homes. This implies while ladies do an equivalent measure of work as men, they get less compensation thinking about that solitary a little bit of them are utilized (Dudden 87). This can be changed through the voting form to guarantee that ladies get equivalent compensation for equivalent work with men. The Senator additionally contends that there ought to be portrayal for the individuals who make good on charges. Mrs. Jones contends against this case by saying that if that somehow managed to be the situation, it would imply that different gatherings, for example, the outsiders and the minors ought to be qualified to cast a ballot. It is, be that as it may, worth treating every one of these gatherings independently and taking a gander at the reasons why every one of the gathering doesn't merit a portrayal through the voting form. Treating every one of these gatherings ethically won't give the genuine picture as each gathering has its own differing reasons limiting them from being spoken to. As confirmed by Senator Owen, the lady polling form can possibly change the world. In Colorado for example, it guaranteed that ideological groups incited ethically upstanding men as their competitors since ladies couldn't stand degenerate men. This shows the imperative job of tidying up the general public the lady polling form had played. Mrs. Jones in her discourse contends that allowing the polling form to ladies in the testimonial states had not brought any noteworthy advantages. The social provokes experienced before allowing the voting form to ladies are still there. By expressing in this way, Mrs. Jones neglects to understand that the assignment of battling social difficulties looked by any general public is an aggregate obligation. This can't be exclusively left to ladies since they have been conceded the voting form. Ladies can't clean governmental issues all alone. Men ought to similarly take part in it (Dudden 88). Representative Owen finishes up by taking note of that in spite of the fact that ladies have been conceded the voting form in Colorado, the awful ladies don't cast a ballot. Be that as it may, the

Exxon Valdez :: science

Exxon Valdez At the point when individuals hear the expression oil slick: they think a lot of dark stuff all in the water. Well there is significantly more to it then simply that. It is a practical catastrophe just as an ecological one. As you read along you will perceive how annihilating this one oil slick, the Exxon Valdez, truly was contrasted with others. Regardless of whether you, as the peruser trust it or simply think it is something that is none of you concern and happened 10 years prior is totally up to you. I believe that your brain will change in the wake of hearing the real factors. Upon the arrival of March 24, 1989 the oil big hauler Exxon Valdez was above water when it steered into the rocks a reef in Prince William Sound, placing a slice in its structure. This cut seeped out 11 million gallons of raw petroleum. The oil secured about 10,000 sq. miles of water. This is the territory of Connecticut, Delaware, Rhode Island, and 25 Washington D.C.’s joined! In just a week’s time the breeze and current moved the oil 90 miles into the Gulf of Alaska. It debased 1,500 miles of coast. This resembles the shoreline of California. This oil as it traveled through the water slaughtered 300,000 ocean fowls, 2,600 ocean otters, 300 harbor seals, and maybe a huge number of fish. Of the 23 examined species hurt by the spill just 2 are supposed to be totally recuperated. The 2 are the Bald Eagle and the River Otter. Some show no recuperation by any stretch of the imagination. Of these that haven’t recouped at all are the Harbor Seal, Harlequin Ducks, Pacific Herring, Cormorants, and even certain whales. On the off chance that individuals knew about a portion of the tidy up that went on, they would most likely recall that cleaning of each one of those ducks. Well I prefer not to let you know yet it was pointless. Some of them passed on 5 days after they were discharged. Researchers currently realize that the oil is 100 time’s progressively harmful at that point initially thought. Indeed, even a minuet sum can cause deformations in fish like an additional balance.

Tally Chart

Tally Chart Use the two tally charts to record a variety of information. This printable is customizable. Tailor the PDF to your teaching needs by typing in the highlighted fields before printing. Scott Foresman, an imprint of Pearson Grade: 1 || 3 Subjects: Mathematics (4,998) Graphs and Charts (536) Themes: Back to School (426) TYPE: Classroom Tools (344) Graphic Organizers (406) Holidays: Mathematics Education Month (262) Scott Foresman, an imprint of Pearson, the world's leading elementary educational publisher. Its line of educational resources supports teachers and helps schools and districts meet demands for adequate yearly progress and reporting.

One Chapter

Reading Tolkien out loud while two primary-grade siblings engaged in an action-figure battle to the death was not an easy task. Competing to be heard while constant noise and motion were going on around me used to be an incredibly frustrating endeavor. While I took pride in the engagement of my older children in the story line, I was humbled by the apparent disinterest and disrespect shown by my younger children to their father’s voice. . Evan's greatest accomplishment was to marry his wife, Kathryn, and begin their family together in 2006. They reside in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, with their six children and one dog. Evan enjoys reading to his family, telling stories, singing, playing guitar, riding mountain bikes, and drinking coffee.

Two Sided Coin Thomas Hobbes vs. John Locke Essay

Two-sided coin: Thomas Hobbes vs. John Locke There are always two-sides everything including people and the government, kind of like science vs. faith view. With Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, they give the impression to be on opposite sides when it comes to people, society and the government even and yet both were Englishmen. Hobbes was born 5 April 1588 and died 4 December 1679; he is best known today for his work on political philosophy. While John Locke was 29 August 1632 and died 28 October 1704, and is widely known as the Father of Classical Liberalism, His work greatly affected the development of epistemology and political philosophy. Hobbes wrote Leviathan in 1651, which established the foundation for most of Western political†¦show more content†¦While Locke’s idea is from the bottom up, like the good objective come form the people to the government. To continue this thought process with Rights. Hobbes thought you conceded your rights to the government, in return for your life. That People are born with rights that they relinquish to the monarch in return for protection, this is known as social contract. Again this view is that good comes from the government down to the people. Hobbes augments kind of makes since in a way, we down give of some privacy rights for example the NSA Spying program or when we fly, but get search by the TSA beforehand. While Locke thought men have rights by their nature, and came up with the idea that all people are born with certain inalienable rights; life, liberty, the right to own property. We see this very argument in today’s government, when issues about National Security come up. The NSA spying program, one side says that people are going to have to give up there rights in order to be protected, while the other side thinks that people have the right to privative at all times. Long before there were ever organized Government, there was state of nature. Which was a concept of what the lives of people might have been like before societies came into existence. With Hobbes, argued that all humans are by nature equal in faculties of body and mind. From this equality and other causes in human nature, everyone is naturally willingShow MoreRelatedCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagesbe due to each individually. For the most part they are attempts, arising out of actual work for the party, to clarify the theoretical problems of the revolutionary movement in the mind ,of the author and his readers. The exceptions to this are the two essays Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat and Towards a Methodology of the Problem of Organisation which were both written specially for this collection during a period of enforced leisure. They, too, are based on already existing

No Love Lost Essay - 1218 Words

For a play about marriage A Doll’s House does not have much love in it. All of the characters claim to love each other, but are really concealing other emotions. The expectations of society have forced them into love that they do not feel. This false love is what causes them to fall apart in the end. The play is riddled with marriages that are born out of convenience or expectation rather than love. Every character only loves in ways that they are expected to, and only continue to love for convenience’s sake. There is no love in A Doll’s House. Torvald treats Nora as a child, not an equal; he is not really in love with her. The most glaring examples of this are his pet names for her. He likes to think of her as a small, delicate†¦show more content†¦He did it for his own benefit. Despite her claims to the contrary, Nora never loved Torvald. Nora does often say that she loves Torvald, or at least that she used to love him. However he attitude toward him seems downright spiteful to him. For instance, she eats macaroons because he has forbidden them. She does not tell him about borrowing the money, because she is saving this important fact for when â€Å"Torvalds stopped being so fond of me†¦ then it might be a good idea to have something up my sleeve†(19). She does not save him for love as she claims; it is so that she could have something over him so that when she becomes older and uglier he will have some reason to respect her. This is not an appropriate way to display love. Saving his life is not the action of a dutiful wife, but those of a spiteful and clingy person. Even though the action seemed like it was done out of fear of being alone, when she is asked why she borrowed the money she does not say that it was to save her husband, but to sav e her â€Å"beautiful, happy home†(19). She does not save Torvald, she saves her lifestyle. She is married to Torvald so that she can have this comfortable lifestyle, not because she loves him. Dr. Rank does not love Nora; he is only infatuated with her. His confession of love seems so genuine and powerful that his love could be the only genuine love in the play. But furtherShow MoreRelatedLove Discovered And Love Lost928 Words   |  4 PagesLove Discovered and Love Lost in ‘’Araby’’ By James Joyce Written by one of the best writers in the modernist era in the 20th century, a great story by the name of ‘’Araby’’ emerges. This great short novel was written by James Joyce. In the story Araby, Joyce’s main focal point is the young man who portrays where he lives in North Dublin Street with his family who is his uncle and aunt in a household. The author reminisces the time when he used to run with his friends throughout ‘’the dark muddyRead MoreA Mothers Love Lost869 Words   |  4 PagesA mothers love lost Having a mother s love is like an essential part of staying alive. Without a mother s love it’s kind of hard to survive the unbarring trials that life has to throw at you. I have been struggling without the love of my mother for about nine and a half years and not one thing has changed. I’m still upset about the fact where I use to have days filled with love and laughter to days that are now filled with unwanted tears and regret. This is an emotional essay of the things thatRead More Lost Love Essay2083 Words   |  9 Pages My Lost Love It was ever so dark that evening. It hurt to look at her. It was like looking at my heart barely beating on the floor. I couldnt stand it. Love never hurt me this much. I cant believe this happened. Why me? Why her? Why us? In an instant it was over. I remember the first time we met. It was actually kind of funny. She was walking her dog. Actually, the dog was walking her. I was reading a poem and walking along. When all of the sudden, we collided. The second I looked up into herRead MoreLove Lost - Original Writing1023 Words   |  5 Pages Love Lost There was never a creature more divine than he. His eyes were the kind that, with a single look, could force one to stop in the middle of a sentence and remain mesmerized. They were blue like the sky on a sunny day, but much more expressive. His hands were strong, but as they stroked my cheeks, I felt nothing except softness. Though his thick beard atop his intense jawline made him look rugged, his temperament was gentle. He told me he believed in love and Buddhism, but that was just theRead MoreAnalysis of Shakespeares Loves Labours Lost934 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare’s story, Love Labour’s Lost, focuses the story on the endearing lust of men. Women are a powerful force, so in order to persuade them men will try to use a variety of different resources in order to attract the opposite sex. Men will often use their primal instincts like a mating call, which could equivocate today to whistling at a woman as she walks by. With the use of lies to tell a girl what s he wants to hear, the musk cologne in order to make you appear more sensual, or the clichà ©Read MoreLove and Lust in Loves Labours Lost1292 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Love is a familiar. Love is a devil. There is no evil angel but Love. (Love’s Labours Lost. 1.2.)† This Shakespearean quote relies on the fact that love can lead to many misfortunes, presented as one of the aspects of love in both William Shakespeare’s â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream†, and Wole Soyinka’s â€Å"The Lion and the Jewel†. One aspect of love demonstrates its brilliant sides, and with it, brings affection, faith, and intimacy. However, it is also noted that an equal aspect of love conveys the consequencesRead MoreAnalysis Of Millay s Lost Love975 Words   |  4 Pages An Analysis of Millay’s Lost Love in Poetry Poetry is a unique way of telling a story in which the medium in question shows instead of tells. They come in all sorts of styles from a Haiku to Free Verse. Some of them are very clear as to what they are about while others can be convoluted and they have to think about for a while. The message in the poem could be about anything. Edna St. Vincent Millay wrote about a variety of topics mostly about the pain of loss from either death, break up, etcRead MoreLove s Labor s Lost2107 Words   |  9 PagesLove’s Labor’s Lost (1598) by William Shakespeare shows a humorous â€Å"battle of the sexes† among members of the aristocracy. While this battle may seem like a harmless game of wits on the surface, there is a serious lack of authentic communication that underlies this comedic play, which spells trouble for male and female relations in general. Through insincere words, vows, and writing, both sexes – men especially – show a failure to love and commun icate genuinely. This â€Å"battle of the sexes,† at leastRead MoreLost Between Love and Abuse Essay2431 Words   |  10 PagesRoethke (1908-1963) describes the relationship between him and his father through his poem â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz.† Theodore reveals his painful memories of his difficult childhood in a critical age when many children wouldn’t ask for anything more than the love of their parents. Professor Grant T. Smith â€Å"Theodore Roethkes ‘My Papas Waltz’: A Readers Response†, explains how his students value the father-son relationship in Theodore’ poem, he believes that â€Å"Their primary argument that this poem depicts aRead MoreAnalysis Of Labors Love Lost By Andrew Cherlin751 Words   |  4 PagesLabors Love Lost by Andrew Cherlin details the economic and social conditions of the working class in America and their effect on families from the Industrial Revolution to the present day. Cherlin separates this time span into sever al periods: pre-1900s, early 1900s to 1945, 1945 to 1975, 1975 to 2010, and present day. Cherlin uses these periods as a base for his book, describing the progression from the rise of Industrialization to the economic boom provided by escaping the world wars nearly unscathed

Famous Venezuelas - 988 Words

Famous Venezuelans in the Scientific World I would like to present three exceptional venezuelan scientists who impacted the lives of millions of people in a generous way around the world and also in the United States. Humberto Fernandez-Moran, Baruj Benacerraf, and Jacinto Convit were scientists who significantly changed and contributed to advances in science and medicine in different but equally meaningful ways. Each made his mark within the scientific community in ways that benefited many people around the world, and for these reasons, each was recognized with honors, including Nobel prizes for Benacerraf and Convit. Baruj Benacerraf Baruj Benacerraf was born October 29, 1920 in Caracas, Venezuela to a Moroccan father and Algerian†¦show more content†¦For six years, while at Broussais Hospital, he studied the reticuloendothelial’s function on immunity with Guido Biozzi. Due to the difficulties of finding research positions in France because he was considered a foreigner, he eventually moved back to New York to work as an Assistant Professor of Pathology at New York University School of Medicine. It was his work on immunogenetics that led to being awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1980. (Baruj Benacerraf - Biographical 2017) Humberto Fernandez-Moran Humberto Fernà ¡ndez-Morà ¡n Villalobos (1924-1999) was a physician, biophysical, professor and researcher. A native of Venezuela, he earned his medical degree from the University of Munich in 1944. He founded the Venezuelan Institute for Neurological and Brain Studies and invented the diamond scalpel in 1955 to cut very thin samples of biological tissues and metals. In 1958 he left Venezuela and took a position at the University of Chicago where he devoted his career to the development of electron microscopy, cryomicroscopy, and ultramicrotomes. Fernà ¡ndez-Moran also worked at NASA in 1965-1969 doing investigations about â€Å"Space Related Molecular Biology, including Considerations of the Molecular Organization of Extraterrestrial Matter.† Another project he worked on at NASA was â€Å"Investigations in Space-Related Molecular Biology Including Considerations of-the Molecular Organization in Luster Sounding -Rocket Program.† Dr. Fernandez-Moran was granted the Jo hn Scott AwardShow MoreRelatedThe history of Venezuela dates back to 13,000 B.C. to 6,000 B.C. when the first Venezuelans were600 Words   |  3 PagesThe history of Venezuela dates back to 13,000 B.C. to 6,000 B.C. when the first Venezuelans were found coming from the East (Guyana), the South (Brazil), and the North (Antillas). The difference in their culture and religious backgrounds came from the different tribes. These tribes included hunters, fishermen, and farmers. Other tribes formed a more complex method of the agricultural system, such as those from the region of Andean.Another group, the Caribbean’s, were very hostile and skilled in combatRead MoreAmerica s Successful Fight For Independence1484 Words   |  6 Pagesindependence for Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela. Bolivar succeeded as a liberator but his ultimate dream to unify his beloved continent fell short. His vision of combining all of South America into one independent nation alway s remained intact. Being great admirer of the American Revolution and the French Revolution, Bolà ­var described himself decide Along with other Spanish colonies in South America, Venezuela had a broad mixture of races that was controlled by a strictRead MoreVenezuelan Immigration Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesVenezuelan Immigration How did independence politically affect the Creole class in Venezuela? I. Venezuelan independence split the Creole class into two political factions, liberals, and conservatives. In addition, independence motivated many Creoles to remove themselves from politics and pass their power to local caudillos, or soldiers. (Williamson 233-234) (Greene 105-106) A. During Venezuelans independence movement, opposing viewpoints of two of the colonies most influentialRead MoreBiography of Simon Bolivar792 Words   |  4 PagesSimon Bolivar was born July 24th, 1783 in Caracas, Venezuela. His family consisted of a slew of wealthy Creoles, or those born in America but of European decent. However, early on in his life he was faced with tragedy when first, his father died when he was three and then his mother soon followed as he neared the age of only six. Although his parents’ deaths seemed untimely and tragic but, because of the wealth of the family, Bolivar had great access to two very important tutors who would mold hisRead MoreThe Bolivarian Republic Of Venezuela2793 Words   |  12 PagesThe Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela is the northernmost country in South America. Even though its location makes it a tropical region, this country posses a variety of climates going from warm at the Caribbean islands to alpine and humid at the mount ains of Los Andes. This paper discovers the different tourist areas of Venezuela. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the variety of climates, lands and regions that make this country the perfect tourist destination. First, we will cover someRead MoreVenezuelas Geography : Venezuela1550 Words   |  7 PagesBefore the early 20th century when one considered Venezuela they thought of Venezuela’s coffee and cocoa exports, however ever since the discovery of petroleum during the early 20th century, Venezuela is one of the world’s largest exporter of oil. They are also one of the first founding members of OPEC. However Venezuela has much more to offer than oil and coffee. Currently Venezuela is rapidly expanding and becoming more stable. Compared to the countries past the economy is strong and growing everyRead MoreVenezuela s Power And Power1288 Words   |  6 PagesVenezuela has been gradually turning into a tyranny. What used to be one of the most economical ly prosperous countries in Latin America, has been corrupted by a sole man, who single-handedly managed to control Venezuela for 15 years and pull it away from the ideal of democracy.[1] While alive, Hugo Chà ¡vez arose like a populist false prophet, took advantage of an establishment-tired and politically divided Venezuela, and did everything possible to perpetuate his own power and pave the way for a monopolisticRead MoreWhy Venezuela Is A Federal Republic With A Presidential System2383 Words   |  10 PagesA country known for the Angel Falls (highest waterfall in the world), the exquisite arepas (corn cakes with cheese) and the legendarily Miss Universe titleholders; the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela is located in northern South America.   Regardless from the artistic landscapes, Venezuela is acknowledged for its vital oil reservoirs, its everlasting admiration of Simon Bolivar and its prominent watermark of Chavismo. Moreover, the country’s bureaucratic history ha s been influenced by Spanish colonialismRead MoreJoining a Discourse Community1221 Words   |  5 Pagesto join, that’s why this wide subject might be interesting to every person in the world, however some readers might object this idea by insisting that some people are unique and can handle themselves alone in life, but no one can live alone, as the famous American writer Pearl S. Buck said â€Å"The person who tries to live alone will not succeed as a human being. His heart withers if it does not answer another heart. His mind shrinks away if he hears only the echoes of his own thoughts and finds no otherRead MoreRed Bull Marketing2204 Words   |  9 PagesVenezuela is located on the northern end of South America. Its coastline borders both the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. The country is just over the size of two California’s and has a population of approximately twenty-six million people. Venezuela gained its independence from Spain in 1830. Its gove rnment is democratically elected with Hugo Chavez as the current president. Chavez is currently pushing his political idea of â€Å"21st Century Socialism† and is nationalizing many of the infrastructural

Staying True to Self Examining the Elements which Hinder...

Assimilation by any standard is conversion. A type of conversion into another’s culture with new beliefs, morals, and traditions that changes an individual. Forced or willingly done, this act of assimilation is a loss of a person’s identity within his/or her own culture, whether he/or she is African, Native American, Chinese or Latino. However, who says that one must fully assimilate into another culture, taking on another’s entire way of living and committing to those beliefs, ridding oneself of one’s own heritage? In Lee Schweninger’s essay, â€Å"Back when I used to be Indian: Native American Authenticity and Postcolonial Discourse,† he acknowledges â€Å"the importance of tribal identity, an identity maintained despite and separate from those†¦show more content†¦Never can one fully escape the captivity of their heritage. But rather they hold onto pieces of their culture through daily activities, hobbies, or simple interactions, restraining them from ever completely adapting into another’s culture. With the use of critical arguments from Frederic Nietzsche, Deborah L. Madsen, and Gloria Anzaldua, this thesis will prove that the characters within the works of Sherman Alexie’s Reservation Blues and Tyehimba Jess’ Leadbelly can never fully assimilate into the dominate culture due to driving elements such as storytelling and dreaming which heavily impact their individual lives, promoting acceptance of their own heritage and cultural identity over that of the oppressive dominating society. Frederic Nietzsche’s ideas of the Apollonian and Dionysus helps explore the power of dreaming and the reality it forces one to confront within them as they battle with the thought of assimilation. The existence of the two ideas is contrasting in characteristic, but they don’t merely fight each other; they need each other to exist. The Apollonian state is in which, the person who is responsiv e to the stimuli of art behaves toward the reality of dream much the way the philosopher behaves toward the reality of existence; he observes exactly and enjoys his observations, for it is by these images that he interprets life, by these processes that he rehearses it. (Nietzsche 440) This is coupled

Dulce Decorum Free Essays

Taylor 1 Dying for a State through Poetry Wilfred Owen’s Dulce et Decorum Est uses vivid imagery which removes any romantic ideas that it is sweet and honorable to die for the fatherland. Randall Jarrell’s The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner uses ambiguity to compare death for the state and abortion. Both writings convey the horror of dying for a state. We will write a custom essay sample on Dulce Decorum or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Death of the Ball turret Gunner begins â€Å"from my mother’s sleep, I fell into a state and hunched in its belly until my fur froze. † This is saying that the gunner was born from his mother’s warmth into a cold state, as he is born in the belly of a high altitude bomber. The â€Å"State† is referred to as cold and less nourishing in Randall Jerrell’s poem. In Dulce et Decorum Est the poem reveals hidden truths of the first world war, and showed the cruelties the soldiers had to face on a day to day basis. Dulce et Decorum est begins â€Å"Bent double, like old beggars† (5) All the turmoil’s that young men were put through making them feel and look older than they really were, breaking them down making them lose their spirit they had as young men. What makes this poem unique is the fact that Wilfred Owen was there to witness the horrors of the first world war. Owen continues â€Å"An ecstasy of fumbling fitting helmets. † As the soldiers ran from the gas bombs their helmets bouncing on their heads, putting them at bigger risk of dying for your country. War is often glorified by others that have not experienced how horrifying war can be and they think that they can be hero’s, because of stories they heard as a child from a mother or a father that makes war seem romantic and patriotic so they should enlist in the romance of being that hero not realizing that the war is truly a horrifying experience. Owen states at the end of his poem â€Å"to children ardent for some desperate glory† (25) Children who think it is sweet and honorable to die for ones country because someone who has no experience has told them stories of romance and patriotism allowing them to believe they will be hero’s in the perfect dream. Taylor 2 Wilfred Owen and Randall Jerrell both tell the gruesome truths of the war and ow it really was to be that unsung hero that watched his friends die and be put into a cart to be hauled off not really knowing if their families and loved ones knew they had passed on, or how it was to be the product of a war and to not live past your first hour because you were born into the freezing belly of a bomber plane and treated like trash when the plane has finally landed and was being cleaned out. How the war today is any different than what both of these authors are trying to say? There is no difference because in Dulce et Decorum est the very last words â€Å"The old lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori. † â€Å"It is sweet and honorable to die for the fatherland. † The recruitment offices of today still tell their soldiers that they are doing America a favor by fighting for them and that it is an honorable way to live life however it is not said that it is honorable if you die but if you live you have better opportunities in life to go somewhere and be someone. What happened to those young men who fought in the First World War? Most of them lost their friend because they were told it was honorable to die for their country, then a lot of them came home from the wars crippled and could not participate in the things they did before they enlisted, and then some of them came home in a plain pine box to families that only then saw the horrors of the war. How to cite Dulce Decorum, Essay examples

Soap Operas Essay Example For Students

Soap Operas Essay What forms of pleasure can be found in viewing the continuous serial on TV?The continuous serial is more commonly known as the soap opera, and is peculiar in that each episode cannot be watched and understood on its own; the viewer must watch the episodes before and after to understand what is happening. According to Brown the soap opera has 8 typical characteristics (see appendix 1). Television is becoming an increasingly important part of society. We have more televisions in our homes, and on those televisions there are more soap operas for the viewing public e.g. EastEnders, Coronation Street, Emmerdale, Neighbours, Home and Away, Brookside, London Bridge, and HollyOaks. Individuals undoubtedly get a lot of pleasure from them, and although the soap opera is viewed as entertainment, there should be a cautious approach to this view, because television is an influential part of our society. In this essay I will look at the pleasures and the consequences. Escapism is one form of pleasure. The soap provides an outlet for an individual to escape the responsibilities of their own life. As soon as the familiar theme music begins the viewer is transported to another world, although Mike Clark poses the question (page 19) ?What sort of escape is it that constantly refers to the very issues that may be troubling the viewer?. Another pleasure of soap operas ?is the continuity of the characters and settings (Clark, page 19). The familiar settings give a sense of a stability and order to the viewer. Most people know the Rovers Return in Coronation Street or the Old Vic in EastEnders. The individual feels at home with a soap and its characters, of which there can be up to 40; all are old friends to the regular viewer. For the most part they do not set out to shock. Because the characters are ordinary and believable, Mike Clark states that the actors must be the same in their lives outside television. He tells us that:?When Peter Adamson, who pla yed Len Fairclough, was charged with sexually molesting a child and subsequently ?killed off from the program, his crime was not that, precisely (he was acquitted), but rather one of deviating from the unexceptional norms of Coronation Street and of the viewers at home. Seeing someone who had been publicly associated with such an offence, and thinking ?I wonder what really happened, would be disruptive of the kind of low-key realism attempted by the program, therefore out he had to go.Im not sure that this argument would hold true today. His book was published in 1987 and since then I think the public has become more tolerant, and apart from that, Coronation Street has become more controversial in its storyline; these days generally any publicity is good for a soap. This leads to another pleasure derived from the soap opera. The private lives of the actors, reported in the press and on the television, provide an infinite source of pleasure for the viewing public. In the Evening Stan dard (Tuesday 3rd March 1998) there were three separate articles about three different actors from EastEnders: Barbara Windsor, Paul Bradley, and Patsy Palmer. However, such public interest can create a problem for the actors, in the form of admirers and stalkers and the public still perceiving them as their on screen character. Empathy with the characters can reduce the viewers own problems as they realise that other people also suffer; another good reason to watch a soap. Biancas abortion storyline, in EastEnders, may have helped people in similar situations think about the relevant issues before making their own decision. Regular soap opera viewers who have followed a particular soap for years, according to Clark ?acquire an expertise and a fund of archival knowledge, which enable them to experience the programs more fully, and more enjoyably. So, they understand the personalities, strengths and weaknesses of the characters in the soap, and will often know exactly how a particular character would act in a particular situation. For them, this makes soaps more pleasurable. The romantic interest in the soap holds many viewers. Who will fall in love? Who will have an affair? Who will get married? At the time of writing, in Coronation Street the viewing public are wondering what will become of Fiona and Steves relationship. Marriages in soaps bring record viewing figures. Ive already mentioned the controversial storylines in soaps; these are another pleasure. EastEnders in particular is overtly controversial which is why their ratings are so high. Such storylines allow the viewer to have fun arguing his/her side of the case, or accepting the side presented by the writer. Brookside has covered incest, euthanasia, drugs, surrogacy, and a body under the patio. According to Phil Redman (creator of Brookside) ?the more challenging the storyline the more the audience appreciate it?. These storylines are beneficial to society because they increase social awareness of issues such as aids (Mark Fowler in EastEnders), and alcoholism (Phil Mitchell in EastEnders). T hey can also help people who are exposed to, or tackling, these issues in their own lives, because they see how the characters in the soaps deal with the situations. The high quality of the acting is another of the pleasures derived from viewing soaps. Both EastEnders and Coronation Street are renowned for their good acting. In February 1998, Patsy Palmer who plays Bianca Butcher was nominated, along with Miranda Richardson and Sinead Cusack, for the best actress award by the Royal Television Society. These awards are not based on ratings, or viewers opinions, and this is the first time the society has proposed a soap star for the coveted trophy. She was nominated for her performance as a devastated young mother who discovered her unborn baby was suffering from spina bifida and brain damage. Interestingly, this storyline won EastEnders some of its highest ratings. Soaps can be enjoyed as a ?primary cultural activity (according to Fiske). The viewer sits down and watches without inte rruption. After a long hard day at work, there is nothing better than sitting with a cup of tea or coffee, switching off from the problems of the day, relaxing and watching a soap. But they can also be enjoyed as a ?secondary cultural activity whereby the viewer watches or listens whilst doing something else. This too makes soaps pleasurable because they can be incorporated in to daily life, but not dominate it or control it. Ironing, homework, paperwork, and cleaning can all be done whilst watching a soap, because they are not too demanding to watch. People derive pleasure from talking about soap operas. Its a double pleasure; having had the pleasure of watching them, they then enjoy talking about them with their friends and work mates, discussing the issues and what they think will happen next. Katz and Liebes state that in discussing soaps, people are discussing and evaluating the issues in their own lives. Certainly if we discuss Emmerdale or Home and Away with friends we have a sense of belonging or social identity. Storylines are not only discussed by the viewers, but also reported in the press. The newspapers obsession with soap operas was apparent in 1983 when Deirdre Barlow (wife of Ken) had an affair with Mike Baldwin. When this storyline broke, the press printed endless stories ?should Deirdre go to bed with Mike, or should she leave Ken to set up home with Mike? The Daily Star, Daily Mail, Sunday Mirror, Daily Express, Sun, even the Times, Daily Telegraph, and Guardian covered the storyline. Ann Kirkbride who plays Deirdre Barlow said ?I thought the story would spark off a few fan letters, but I never imagined anything like the press and public reaction we got. I never dreamed it would grip the nation like it did. It was scary.?The interweaving storylines are another reason why soaps are enjoyed by viewers. There are at least 10 different storylines in each episode, so that if one storyline does not interest a viewer, one of the others will. In an episode each scene is generally no longer than a minute and a half, thus keeping the interest of the audience. The assumption here is that the average viewer has a short attention span. Because there are so many storylines, new characters can be introduced to the soap alongside old ones; this all adds to the viewers enjoyment. The most popular TV programme of Christmas 1987 was the Christmas Day episode of Coronation Street, so they must be a pleasure to watch. According to the book BBC People and Programming, most families seem to organise their evening TV viewing around a few core programmes, which everyone enjoys, such as Coronation Street or EastEnders. These are called bonding programmes. ?At 7pm 80% of TV viewing is group viewing says Clarke. So another pleasure derived from watching soaps is that they can be enjoyed by people of all ages. Viewers know that there will be no embarrassing sex scenes, no foul language, and no nudity. So in the case of Coronation Street, grandpare nts and grandchildren can sit down and watch together and neither will be offended. However, this statement does not hold true for EastEnders, where the ?gay storyline, for example, could upset the older generation. Women are avid soap watchers and it is possible that their enjoyment is in watching scenarios that could occur in their own families, and so prepare them to deal with such situations. They are also enjoyable for women because soaps are about the only television programmes which show that older women, who are larger and not so beautiful, do have a romantic or sexual existence. This is not shown on the screen, just talked about. According to Fiske :?There is a real pleasure to be found in soap operas that assert the legitimacy of feminine meanings and identities within and against patriarchy. Pleasure results from the production of meanings from the world, and of self that are felt to serve the interests of the reader rather than those of the dominant.They also appeal to w omen because, there is a pleasure in seeing women take active and controlling role; an example being Barbara Windsor as Peggy Mitchell in EastEnders. Billy Budd By Herman Melville Analysis EssaySoaps are enjoyable because they echo what is going on in the world. Television and soap operas are not the originators of social change, but are merely part of that change. As aids became an illness affecting people in society, so soaps such as EastEnders included it in their storylines. However, despite all the pleasures of soaps that I have written about, things are not that straightforward. Because soaps are shown at peak family viewing times, care must be taken with the content of the storylines. Aggressive behaviour should be kept to a minimum because ?there is a positive relationship between the amount of exposure children have to television violence and the extent to which they act aggressively according to Atkinson. Although the pleasure of soaps is that they can be incorporated into the viewers daily lives, and according to Palmer ?viewers are rarely dominated or controlled by them?, I would argue that the opposite is true. Many viewers have to be home by a certain time for a particular soap, or cannot go out until their favourite soap has finished. Soaps are certainly addictive and, although they are pleasurable, they are also a problem because they are a habit that cannot easily be stopped. The cliff-hanger at the end of each episode keeps the audience int erested, yet addicted. With the increase in soap operas, individuals spend more time watching them and this affects their view of the world, even if it is subconsciously. Because they are frequently watched, it is possible that they distort our view of the world. Other activities such as reading and exercising are prevented by soap watching. Critics of soaps argue that watching them makes individuals more passive, so it cannot be a real pleasure because were not actively involved. With all of the above in mind, I would argue that soap opera watching is a definite pleasure. Viewers can be selective in their watching, and those that choose to watch soaps are aware that they are fiction. I will leave the last word to the late Poet Laureate Sir John Betjeman:?Manchester produces what to me is ?The Pickwick Papers that is to say Coronation Street. Mondays and Wednesdays I live for them. Thank god half past seven tonight, and I shall be in paradise.?BibliographyATKINSON, Introduction to P sychology, Orlando: Harcourt Brace, 1996BROWN, M.E., ?The Politics of Soaps, Australian journal of cultural studies, 4, 1987, 1-25CLARKE, Mike, Teaching Popular Television, London: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, 1987FISKE, John, Television Culture, London: Methuen ; Co. Ltd, 1987KATZ, E. and LIEBES, T., On the Critical Ability of Television Viewers, 1987KAY, Graeme, Coronation Street Celebrating 30 Years, London: Boxtree Ltd, 1990THOMSON, Mark, BBC People and Programmes, London: British Broadcasting Corporation, 1995Appendix1. Serial form which resists narrative closure. 2. Multiple character and plots3. Use of time which parallels actual time, and implies that the action continues to take place whether we watch it or not. 4. Abrupt segmentation between parts. 5. Emphasis on dialogue, problem solving, and intimate conversation. 6. Male characters who are ?sensitive men. 7. Female characters who are often professional and powerful outside the home. 8. The home or some other place, which functions as a home, as a setting for the show.

Shaka Zulu an Example of the Topic History Essays by

Shaka Zulu Shaka Zulu was a prominent African leader who founded the great Zulu empire.Shaka Zulu was born around 1788 in a place called Melmoth. His parents belonged to the Mhlongo tribe which was ruled by Chieftain Dingiswayo Kamthethwa who was the most influential ruler in the area. Shaka Zulus parents were from the same clan and their marriage was against the Zulus laws. Shaka Zulus and his mother, Nandi were marginalized in the community, and this forced them to escape when Shaka Zulu was six years old and they sought refuge in the neighboring Langeni tribe. Langeni people also chased Shaka Zulu and his mother away, they went away and again sought refuge with the Mthethwa people who welcomed them. Shaka Zulu was a very active young warrior with exceptional fighting skills, this made chief Dingiswayo admire him very much, favored him even though he never belonged to the Mthethwa tribe this was the beginning for his future as a leader and a warrior.(Hamilton, Carolyn 1898) Need essay sample on "Shaka Zulu" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The death of Shaka Zulus father Senzangakhona marked the prosperity of his political career as a military warrior and a leader. After the death of his father, Chief Dingiswayo who admired Shaka Zulu very much gave him military support and this helped him defeat his brothers and he took the leadership of the Nguni people, who were the minority group at that time. Shaka Zulus political star started shinning in1816 when he succeeded the Zulu chief. Our Customers Very Often Tell EssayLab professionals: How much do I have to pay someone to write my assignment online? Professional writers suggest: Rely On Our Help In Essay Writing Compared to other military leaders at that time, Shaka Zulu was a credited military leader. When he became the Zulu ruler he introduced various changes. First was the weapon change. He is credited with introducing the new short stabbing spear with along, sword-like spear head and a large, heavy shield make of cow hide. He was a military genius and he taught his warriors how to effectively use these weapons and take advantage of the enemy. He hardened his soldiers by forcing them to train and march very long distances on rocky terrains without shoes and trained them encirclement tactics, whose who tried to disobey his instructions were immediately killed. He formulated a very well organized logistics support by youth formations, he implemented this by recruiting young boys aged six years and above in the army as apprentice warriors. These young troops were used to carry supplies like food, cooking materials sleeping mats and extra weapons for the main army, while under training to joi n the main army. Shaka Zulu organized his clan and forces into age-grade regimental systems. (Guttmann, J 2008) Each age-grade was mandated with a particular activity like cattle herding, performing rituals and ceremonies, guarding the camp. There were also special military groups, each group with its own distinctive name and responsibility. Shaka Zulu is credited with his high-tech fighting tactic called the buffalo horn formation for his troops, this was the most effective and modern Zulu fighting tactic at that time. This tactic split the troops into four groups during battle, and these groups could form the shape of a bulls head. The first group forming the chest clashes head on, and while the enemy is still confused by this tactic, the second and the third group surrounds the enemy and the fourth group will be a reserve group. All young men and women from the enemy tribe were not killed, they were brought to the Zulu land to be trained as soldiers and the woman become Zulu mens wives. This is how Shaka Zulu built the great Zulu nation. (Hamilton, Carolyn 1998) Shaka Zulu continued with his mission of conquering small neighboring tribes among them the Langeni tribe whish had rejected him and his mother. He conquered many other tribes successfully and expanded his territory. His name inspired fear to all his opponents. He dominated many powerful clans like the powerful ndwande clan making them part of shaka people. His mother, Nandi died in 1827. The following year after his mothers death was the year when his rule came to a drastic end. He concentrated all his troops on attacking enemies in the south, immediately they retuned he directed them to a huge war on the far north leaving behind very few soldiers to guard home, this was the last war for his exhausted troops during his rein. His half brothers Dingane and Mhlangane who never recognized his leadership as rightful since he gained power instructed an assassin who stubbed Shaka Zulu and he died bravely on September 1828 cursing his brothers that even if he dies they will not rule the gre at Zulu nation. In the 1800s Africa condition was basically scramble for power, raiding and conquering by various tribal rulers to protect their territory and expand it. During this time, Africa had not organized itself into nations, It was divided into small kingdoms and tribes ruled by tribal chiefs .Africans tribal rulers during this time were on civil war, a powerful tribe could raid less resistant tribe and make it part it hence expanding its territory as well taking slaving advantage and conditioning white traders who were visiting Africa that time looking for trading commodities like the Portuguese to give tribute to this particular tribes. This was in addition the time when white settlers and colonies started exploring Africa. (Guttmann, J 2008) Shaka Zulus and the American Indian leaders career where similar in that; just like Shaka Zulu, most American Indians were war veterans and tribal leaders who were busy training their forces to protect their territories and expand it by conquering their neighbouring less powerful clans. shaka Zulu and the American Indians were both military pioneers involved in the 1800 civil war which was going on during the scramble for Africa. They were both military leaders and chieftains preparing to resist white invasion into their territory. For instance chieftain Cheyenne was an American Indian who resisted the white man settlement of the Kansas and Colorado territories during the 1860s. (Hamilton, Carolyn 1998) Shaka Zulu was the most influential leader of the Zulu kingdom, he is widely acknowledged by historians in Africa and the whole world as a greatest leader who united most South Africans tribes in to the Zulu kingdom. His statesmanship and vigor crowned him as one of the greatest Zulu chieftains. He made Africa proud and recognized by his bravely Africa was put into world maps. He created the great Zulu nation which is now what is known as South Africa. Today his life and death is remembered by the Zulu tribe and South Africa as a whole by yearly celebration of the Shaka Zulus day. There are popular films and praise songs and widely used poetic forms in Africa which sparks interests among not only the South African community but the whole world about this unshakeable South Africa leader as well as Zulus rich culture. (Hamilton, Carolyn 1998) Shaka Zulu was an exceptional Zulus leader and military veteran. Through his military genius he transformed Africa, and specifically South Africa. When he took power as the Zulu leader he conquered and captured many tribes incorporating them into the Zulu nation. He is the founding father of the rich Zulu culture which even today inspires many people. As historians learning about Shaka Zulu is very important, it makes us understand what was happening in Africa and other parts of the world in the 1800s.It also equips us with 1800s Africa history, for instance during the time of Shaka Zulu Africans were governed by clan rulers. There was also civil war among these Africans tribes because some strong tribes were conquering small tribes and absolving them into their large clans hence expanding their territory .Learning about Shaka Zulu also gives us knowledge on when white settlers started exploring Africa and conquering it which was the beginning of civilization in Africa. Work Cited Pages Hamilton, Carolyn (1998) the power of Shaka Zulu and the limits of historical Invention, Harvard University Press. Guttmann, J. (2008) Military History, volume24 issue4. http://www.eshowe.com/article/articlestatic/29/i/20

How to Make Sure That You Write a Good Essay

How to Make Sure That You Write a Good EssayNowadays, people have a choice between having many essay samples for their writing assignments or having to learn how to write essays by reading their plan of action essay samples. I will only tell you that this is not a good option for most writers. Why?A lot of people, especially teachers and professors, prefer plan of action essay samples because they are fast and less prone to errors. Unfortunately, students do not like the fact that they spend so much time writing a plan of action essay sample, but they are just as guilty when they get an assignment that requires them to write a plan of action essay sample that is too long and has too many changes that could get confusing and confuses the students.Another thing is that students are more likely to get confused in their writing assignment if there are so many different plans for writing, so many choices of topics and topic areas, and a lot of diversity of content in each of the topics. T hese all points will lead to some students getting lost in the maze and having problems with their essay. The problem is compounded if they have chosen to write a plan of action essay sample that has been distributed in different subjects. All of this will lead to confusion, a lot of difficulty, and a number of errors in your writing.To make sure that you write a good and effective essay, make sure that you choose one subject and stick to it. This will ensure that you will not stray from the topic and also to help you find your way out of the maze if you ever get lost.It is quite possible that you may already have an idea of the best topic for your good essay, but you are still going to make the decision of whether to read a plan of action essay sample or not. The only way to be sure that you will never make a mistake while writing a good essay is to go out and try it for yourself. Make sure that you put in all the time necessary to master the task.Making sure that you have a good e ssay is as important as making sure that you can write a good essay. It is true that a good essay always make its reader feel better and more relaxed, but it is also true that a good essay may make you feel very uncomfortable. If you need to make sure that you are ready for anything, then you should make sure that you can manage a good essay and make it work for you.A good essay should make the reader happy. It should not make them feel frustrated or bored. It should not make them think that it was a waste of time. There are some people who need to write good essays, but they often times get frustrated and confused when they encounter some kind of problems in their essays.That is why I recommend that you should choose a subject, a topic, and a plan that you know very well and make sure that you stick to it. If you want to make sure that you will have a good essay, then you should make sure that you make your own plan and stick to it.

Sir Lancelot Du Lake Essays - Holy Grail, Knights Of The Round Table

Sir Lancelot Du Lake Essays - Holy Grail, Knights Of The Round Table Sir Lancelot Du Lake Sir Lancelot du Lake Sir Lancelot du Lake was quite possibly the bravest and most gallant knight in the world. His battles were pretty much lopsided, due to his extreme skill. He was King Arthur's best knight. He was very adventurous and prone to getting into trouble, which he always came out of without a scratch. Why was Lancelot honored so? In the last four paragraphs, I will try to explain this to my best ability. Why did I say he was Arthur's best knight? Sir Lancelot was sworn to protect Guenevere, King Arthur's wife. At no time at all was he ever over come, except by either treason or enchantment. His belief in himself was strong enough that he wouldn't let anyone but the king push him around. Those that tried to do the pushing usually wound up with their blood on Lancelot's sword. Another reason he was the best knight at the Table Round, was because he upheld the ideals of chivalry and the heroic tradition. He believed in being noble, and just. As I said, Lancelot was very adventurous, and never turned down an endeavor. While out one day, he took a nap, and woke to find his friend gone, and four queens looking upon him. This is one of the few times Lancelot did something against his will, and he did it only by enchantment. He was set free by King Bagdemagus' daughter, on a deal that he would help the King win the upcoming tournament. He helped win the tournament by killing alot of knights, or simply defeating them in battle. By doing this, he earned his freedom. There are many reason's why Lancelot was honored the way he was. Lancelot fought for King Arthur, til his banishment for his acts with the Queen. He remained loyal to Arthur, and came back, when Arthur was on his deathbed. He delievered Excaliber back to the lake from which it came, and conveyed a message of forgiveness and love to Guenevere, from Arthur. Lancelot was defeated in battle only by Arthur, and only once, for they only fought once. His name was known to everyone, as the best knight in all the land. Lancelot had proven himself worthy of his title of the bravest and most noble knight around, many times, and probably did, long after the stories had ended, if they are true. Lancelot has always been my favorite knight, since whatever year we did King Arthur in grade school. The topics I have gone over are as truthful as I can make them, and I hope they get me a good grade. As I hope the points I have expended upon further support my topic, I know that everyone knows Lancelot, wether they heard it from a cartoon, an English book, or a movie, and that everyone knows what a great and fearless knight he was.

Long Run or Short Run

Long Run or Short Run I read a Facebook post this week where people were bragging about the largest daily word count theyd ever written. Some were slinging numbers like 10,000, 13,000, even 16,500. Most admitted that wasnt a sustainable number to maintain, yet they interpreted numbers like that as the means to writing a book in two weeks or less. And many of them are then publishing those books. In this day and time, with the crazy array of self-publishing tools available to writers, we can sense a pressure to publish a book a month. Yes, Im not exaggerating. Out of curiosity, Ive read them. I can see the rush in the sentences, read the overzealousness in the syntax, miss the depth of plot. No, you cannot write deep and publish in a month. But there is a market for some of this type of work. Some readers like light reading. Some authors are making five figures from slinging out a large number of books. And therein lies the crossroad. Downstream, when you are more gifted, wiser, and more astute, are you wanting those books forever on Amazon? Are you wanting to publish your quick writing for the public? Or do you prefer to write fast and hold onto it in an effort to write it deeper? Or consider those pieces practice to learn from for your next, more intense work? We are under such acute influence to write now, write fast, and write a lot. Funny, but as I was writing this, I noticed Seth Godins latest blog post. He echoed what I said, only better. https://seths.blog/ First, fast and correct All three would be great. First†¦ you invent, design, develop and bring to life things that haven’t been done before. Fast†¦ you get the work done quickly and efficiently. Correct†¦ and it’s right the first time, without preventable errors. Being first takes guts. Being fast takes training. And being correct takes care. All three at once is rare. Two would be great. And just one (any one) is required if you want to be a professional. Alas, too often, in our confusion about priorities and our fear of shipping, we end up doing none and settling for average instead. Amen, Mr. Godin. Amen indeed.

Introduction to Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Introduction to Philosophy - Essay Example The next part in Plato’s model is ‘belief’. At that part, reality or ‘truth’ is made based on one’s superstition, views of reality, and actual objects. Belief is an emotional state that becomes a part of an individual because of the powerful influences of culture, religion, or any widely believed aspect of the period. Beliefs that are based on religion are impossible to challenge because knowledge is strongly tied by the influences of religion. A person’s belief in heaven and hell and the presence of saints are some examples of knowledge at this part. The third stage is ‘scientific knowledge’. This stage is shown by mathematical formula, research, and empirical data. Some examples are medicine, law of inertia, gravity, and so on. The top part of knowledge is ‘reasoning’, defined as the rational combination of all forms of knowledge. The vertical line from the lowest stage to the highest one shows that there is a certain extent of knowledge gain at every stage, but as the line moves from the bottom kinds of truth to the top, there is a related movement from the lowest level of reality to the highest. The line is broken up into two very different parts. The higher and bigger part is a symbol for the intelligible area and the lower, smaller part is a symbol for the visible part. This unbalanced separation represents the lower level of truth as located in the visible part in comparison to the higher reality in the intelligible domain. As shown in the earlier diagram, the lowest kind of knowledge is ‘eikasia’ (imagination). Imagination is the shallowest kind of brain work where the mind deals with impression or the least level of truth. Obviously, imagining may refer to the act outside plain appearances of objects to their inner truth. However, Plato defines imagining as the senses view of appearances i n which such appearances are understood as the truth. On the other hand,

The Dulhasti Power Plant Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Dulhasti Power Plant - Case Study Example In addition, the selected region was very poor in terms of infrastructure development. More precisely, the region did not have an adequately developed logistic network including roads and rail lines. As a result, almost all construction supplies such as raw materials and labor had to be brought to air transportation. Another issue is that the construction site was far away from larger cities and urban areas. Therefore, the construction firms had to spend more on food and accommodation for its workers. In addition, the non-proximity to larger cities significantly increased the transportation costs of the French consortium. Since the company had to wait for a relatively long period to obtain the supply of raw materials, this situation led to delay in the completion of the project. Evidently, time delay involved in the project completion would end up in cost escalations. Probably, the adverse climatic conditions in this mountainous terrain might have also contributed to the project cost escalation. Management professionals point out that even highly experienced construction firms cannot accurately perform cost estimation when working under harsh geographical condition due to unforeseen contingencies. There are some regions that are extremely prone to natural contingencies like earthquakes, floods, drone, and wildfire. While working in such bad geographical regions, construction firms are most likely to experience cost overruns. Such threats not only impede the project development but also cause damages to construction firm’s resources including tools, pieces of equipment, and labors. Sometimes, issues like a landslide or icy roads may disrupt transportation, and hence the construction firms may be compelled to stop their work temporarily. Undoubtedly, such incidents would cause construction firms to incur unanticipated fund needs. In order to manage contingency costs, construction firms are forced to increase the level of contingency funding.

Trapped By Their Surroundings And Settings English Literature Essay

Trapped By Their Surroundings And Settings English Literature Essay We all live in a house on fire, no fire department to call; no way out, just the upstairs window to look out of while the fire burns the house down with us trapped, locked in it said by Tennessee Williams. This quote signifies the feeling and the thought process of being trapped as a suppressed community. All Im Asking for is my Body, and the Great Gatsby are two stories which discuss and show us people that are born into a trapped community and people force others or themselves into a trapped situation. These stories also show how people are trapped their surroundings and setting, such as Hawaii and New York. Also depending of the values and traditions of the family people are born into situations that trap them such as family debt. Finally people deserve the right to be free, and most can be free if they chose to stand up for themselves and fight for what they deserve. In All Im Asking for is my Body the characters are born into a trapped society with almost no escape. This younger group is born on to an island, and forced to pay a debt because of a long tradition. This forced debt is seen as normal by the parents and ancestors, but the younger generation is taking a stand. The characters in the story are broken into two groups. The first group is the older group who are acculturate, and trying to keep the old the traditions. The second group is the younger group who are trying to assimilate, and create a new culture and lose the old traditions. Both groups come together in one suppressed community. In The Great Gatsby the characters are born into wealth and status far beyond that of a normal individual, but still find themselves trapped by their own personal problems. The society traps other members of society through such issues as class roles and status. An example of status in Gatsby is George Wilson, the mechanic. He is looked down upon and seen as less than by almost the entire cast of characters, because of his job and his heritage. No matter how hard he works he will never be seen as equal, and will continued to be trapped by characters like Nick. Another example for social roles trapping members of society is that Myrtle and Daisy are both trapped in their sexist roles as women placed on them by society and reinforced on them by Tom Buchanan. Neither woman has the strength and integrity to fight for their freedom and create an independent life, nor does traditional society allow this type of thing to occur and discourages such thinking and behavior. With Hawaii being an island, it is built with no easy escape. The people who immigrated to Hawaii were put to harsh work in the plantation. They made some money, but not enough to pay off their accumulating debt, so for any immigrant to pay for a ride off island was almost out the question. People being born into this society were trapped from the beginning, with almost no way of escaping. Most characters just endure through the troubles, and become comfortable in an oppressed society instead of stand up for themselves. Even though, The Great Gatsby is set in New York, a city built with the idea of freedom, there are still characters in the story which are trapped. New York is place where anything can happen, and hard work is reward. Also people are free to leave the city if they desire. Even though New York is a place of freedom, people still get trapped by society. This shows that even if one is born in a place of freedom one can still become trapped if they become too comfortable, and stop fighting for their goals. In All Im Asking for is my Body, one of the main characters, Tosh, is forced to fulfill his Filial Duty. In the Hawaiian culture there is a philosophy called Filial Piety which is the respect for ones parents. Tosh refuses stand by traditions and clashes with his parents when they expect him to fulfill his Filial Duty to repay the familys debt. The eldest son Tosh viewed the filial responsibility as a tradition that would rob him of his youth, strength, and ambition. He continually fought with his mother and father about money, children, and his freedom from their debt. Whenever his parents argued with Tosh, his mother told him they would not depend on him therefore they will depend on Kiyoshi instead. Tosh told Kiyoshi, Shit, all I asking for is my body. I doan wanna die on the plantation like these other dumb dodos. (48) When tosh grows up he starts to go along with his parents ideal, but to resist being subservient he joins the army to get free, and help his family financial situa tion. This shows that if one fights hard enough for their freedom, they will find a way out. Although in the Great Gatsby, no one is forcefully trapped into a duty, some of the characters set themselves up to be trapped. Daisy is a trapped woman. Shes trapped in a marriage that she is unhappy in and trapped in a world where she has no chance to be free or independent. She is at the mercy of her husband, a man who takes her for granted. George Wilson  runs a garage and gas station in the valley of ashes and seems trapped by his position in life. Eventually, he finds out about his wifes double life and his response to it helps drive her to her death. Distraught at what happens, Wilson becomes Fitzgeralds way of expressing the despair prevalent in the seemingly trapped lower-middle class.   In All Im Asking the characters within the story show the theme of being trapped by being born into debt, trapped on an island, forced in communities based on background, and completely limited work opportunities. While in the Great Gatsby even though some are born into money, and in a place built on opportunity and freedom the feeling of being trapped still occurs. All I kept thinking about, over and over, was You cant live forever; you cant live forever. (Gatsby). This quote shows that life is short and if people are oppressed should fight for their freedom. If one is oppressed, one will continue to be oppressed until one finally decides to take a stand against the oppressors and change the current situation. If they dont take that stand they will continue to be oppressed because they are not only stuck in life, but theyre way of thinking, and thought process. When they decide to break out of their current mold, fight for their freedom like tosh, they will find a way out while othe rs that find themselves stuck like daisy will remain there until they decide to stand up for themselves.

English Literature-Gullivers Travels, Jonathan Swift

Gulliver’s Travels]- Jonathan Swift * By P. Baburaj, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of English, Sherubtse college, Bhutan Author of: Language and writing, DSB Publication Thimphu Communicative English, P. K. Books, Calicut A perception on Literary Criticism, P. K. Books, Calicut   The eighteenth century was an age of satire.Dryden and pope immortalized themselves by their verse while Jonathan Swift was undoubtedly the greatest British satirist in prose. The political and religious controversies of the time were conducive to the promotion of satire in an age of urbanity and refinement which not only tolerated but delighted in satire, provided, it was humorous and witty it has been remarked that satire is the fine art of calling names. In Rome Horace and Juvenal used satire for the purpose of ridiculing human affectations, follies and vices with a view of reforming society.But when the satire is too general it stands in danger of falling wide of its target and when it is directed agai nst individuals it is likely to be debased in to personal lampoons. Swift wrote personal satires but his attacks were generally directed against common abuses and his main purpose was to reform society. Jonathan Swift was born of English parents in Dublin in 1667. He was a distant cousin of Dryden who happened to incur the lasting displeasure of Swift by his remarks: †cousin Swift you will never be a poet†.Distantly related to Sir William Temple, a retired politician and an elegant writer of the period Swift came to London and stayed with his wealthy relation as a poor dependent and confidential secretary. He graduated from Trinity College Dublin and was well read in the classics. Later he studied theology and was ordained priest . one of his squibs on religion offended Queen Anne and he was baulked of his promotion in the church but after her death he rose to be the Dean of St. Patrick’s in Dublin towards the close of the century.Temple happened to dabble in lite rature. The controversy regarding the relative merits of the ancient and modern authors roused more heat than light for some time in France and Temple made some references to it in one of his essays. Virulent attacks and counter attacks appeared in the press. It was a veritable storm in a tea cup. Swift was neither concerned with the controversy nor qualified to take an effective part in it. Nevertheless he entered in to the fray with all the weapon in his arrows – satire, humour, irony, sarcasm, ridicule and invective.In his ‘the battle of the books’ he supported Temple and ridiculed his opponents. In the famous allegory of ‘the bee and spider’, he praised the ancients as furnishing honey and wax, sweetness and light, and ridiculed the moderns as weaving flimsy webs, like the spider , with the poisonous stuff that flowered from themselves. In the tale of a tub, swift set out to ridicule the extremist in Catholicism and the fanatical dissenters and t o advocate the middle course as represented by the Anglican church.For this purpose he invented an allegorical fable of three brothers who inherited a coat of a piece from their father with strict instructions regarding its use. The coat, of course, is the Christian theology. The three brothers Peter, Martin and Jack symbolise respectively Roman Catholicism, the Anglican Church and the dissenters. It is a master piece of satire, but the ultimate result of swift’s satire was to bring all religion in to contempt, though that was not his real aim. Swift’s irony can best illustrated by his short pamphlet entitled a modest proposal.He was roused to righteous indignation at the ruthless exploitation of the Irish peasantry by their absentee landlords in England. But swift opens his ‘proposal’ with a quietly deceptive tone of seriousness. He puts forth his modest proposal for the economic uplift of the poor Irish peasants; â€Å"every woman of child-bearing age i s to produce as many children as possible and bring them to the market when they are one year old; Page 1 children aged one year are most delicious according to the best authorities and so they would be in great demand at an English noble man’s table.It is not difficult to see the righteous indignation beneath the apparently cold-blooded argument, the irony is devastation. Swift is the author of the pamphlets, political, religious and literary in which he sought the reform of the society of its abuses and affections. But his magnum opus is Gulliver’s travels (1726). It is at once children’s classics as well as a serious treatise in which satiric pours corrosive ridicules of he on what Swift considers to be the abuse of his age. As children’s classic it can be read as a marvelous adventure in wonderland. With an abundance of circumstantial details. e are told how a certain Gulliver happened to make several voyages into strange undiscovered countries. Swift makes certain preposterous assumptions but once the initial premise is granted what follows conforms it with mathematical precision. in his first voyage, ‘A voyage to Lilliput Gulliver was driven. Far away from his course ;he was cast ashore on an island called Lilliput, where the inhabitants were about six inches tall and all the environment of animate and inanimate conformed exactly to those human dimensions. They were equipped with bows and arrows in which they were adepts.It was mathematically calculated that Gulliver would require food which 1728 Lilliputians would consume. The king was a patron of learning, he was handsome and majestic. Gulliver was carefully searched and dispossessed of his pistols and ammunitions. The courtier practiced tight rope walking and official preferment went to those who excelled in this exercise. The most accomplished of them was the filmnap, the treasurer. (the king supposed to stand for the George l and filmnap, the Whig prime minister Rob ert Walpole). The Lilliputians were engaged in war with the neighboring country, Belfuscu.It was easy for the Lilliputians to win with the help of their gigantically, but as soon as they accomplished they turn against him in ingratitude. Filmnap continued to be his chief enemy. Gulliver knew that he ws likely to be unjustly accused of high treason and therefore he secretly grossed over to Belfuscu and escaped from eminent danger. He returned home and stayed with his wife and family for two months. A Voyage to Brobdingnag. He was again possessed of an insatiable desire to go on another voyage. This time he was bound for India. This second voyage proved to be equally eventful and strange.All alone he happened to be cast ashore on a strange land where corn was at least forty feet high and the first person he saw appeared as tall as an ordinary spire steeple. He was farmer’s servant who first looked at Gulliver as a curious creature and took him to his master. This country was Br obdingnag, where the people were sixty feet in height. The skin of these giants was repulsively hard and ugly, freckled and covered all over with wrat and moles and rough hair. When one of the nurses was suckling the child entrusted to her Guilllver saw her revoltingly big breasts, which â€Å"cold not be less than ixteen feet in circumference. The nipple was about half of my head and the hue both of that and dug so verified with spots, pimples and freckles that nothing could appear more nauseous† . Many times he was in the danger of being killed by gigantic creatures of Brobdingnag but luckily for him he had nine year old nurse ,the farmer’s daughter called Glumdalclitch, who took care of him and protected him from dangers. In his greed the farmer exhibited Gulliver in market places and finally brought to Metropolis where the king and the queen took a fancy to him and took him under their special protection.But Gulliver’s kind nurse was asked to stay in the pal ace to take care of him. Though the Brobdingnag were physically gross and repulsive they were kind and sensible. The king observed how â€Å"contemptible a thing was human grandeur which could be mimicked by such diminutive insects like I†. the queen’s maids of honour always invited Glumdalclitch to visit them in their room with Gulliver whom they thought to be as sort of pet. â€Å"They would often strip me naked from top to toe and lay me in their bosoms, where I was disgusted because†¦.. very offensive smell came from their skins†. Gulliver had the most dangerous experience of his life when a monkey took him in his paw and fliited from one building to another with Gulliver dangling from his paw. From that day onwards Glumdiltich took greater care of Gulliver. Page 2 A Voyage to Brobdingnag The king used to enquire of the political and religious conditions of the Europe. Gulliver ironically expatiated upon the wonderful parliamentary system and elections in European nations, their standing armies and their institutions.Far from admiring these, the Brobdingnagian king was astonished, and he protested that it was only a â€Å"heap of conspiracies rebellions massacres, revolutions and banishments. The very worst effects that avarice, factions, hypocrisy, cruelty, rage, madness, hatred, envy, lust, malice and ambition could produce. † â€Å"Finally the king concluded with the most ferocious attack on the state of affair in contemporary Europe, I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be most pernicious race of little odious vermin that ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth. Further Gulliver informed the king about the invention and use of gun powder which could destroy whole batteries of an army. The king’s ingenious remark was certainly an echo of Swift’s own opinion: â€Å"he gave it for his opinion that whoever could make two ears of corn or two blades of grass to grow upon a spot of gro und where only one grew before would deserve better of mankind, and more essential service to his country than the whole race of politicians put together†.Gulliver speaks with approval of Brobdingnagian’s learning which consist only immortality, history, poetry, maths; to write a command upon any law is a capital crime; their style is clear, masculine and smooth, but not florid. This is Gulliver’s and (Swift’s) criticism of European civilization in his own age. When he returned home at first Gulliver had a good deal of difficulty in adjusting to himself to his wife and friends; he felt that they were all pygmies and he a giant; he felt for some time that he had lost his wife.A Voyage to Laputa Gulliver’s third voyage was to East Indies; he rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached fort St. George, Madras where he stayed for three weeks. He resumed his journey but was captured by pirates and left alone in a group of islands called Laputa. Here the im portant persons were so much absorbed in speculation, scientific and political that they had to have flappers who brought them back to their sense by flapping their ears and mouths. An opaque flying island often hovered over the islands when they were cut off from the sun’s light.Here Gulliver visited several islands and in the grand academy situated in Lagado he found people engrossed in various projects. One was trying to â€Å"extract sun beams from cucumber†; another was working trying on an â€Å"operation to reduce human excrement to its original food†. Yet another was trying to â€Å"calcine ice into gun powder† and so on. Most of them begged Gulliver for monetary assistance, in one of these islands there were magicians and conjurers; in another there were a group of people called Struldburgs, people who would not die was a curse rather than a blessing.Afterwards Gulliver sailed towards Japan and from there returned to England. Voyage to Houyhnhnms Gulliver’s fourth voyage took him to the land of the Houyhnhnms( pronounced as hou-in’em), a strange species of rational horses. By a curious accident he landed on Houyhnhnm land, where the first object he saw was a physically repulsive creature. Gulliver was disgusted for â€Å"upon the whole I never beheld in all my travels so disagreeable an animal, or one against which I naturally conceived so strong an antipathy. And yet he could recognize in him a man like himself.The horses were the master of these debased human creatures called Yahoos. Gulliver was amazed to see the most urbane conduct in the Horses (though they were beasts) and the most bestial behavior among the human-looking Yahoos. These Horses were endowed with a fine degree of reason; their behavior was â€Å"so orderly and rational, so acute and judicious† that Gulliver at last concluded that they must needs be magicians who had thus Page 3 metamorphosed themselves. In a few months Gulliver was able to communicate in the language of the Honyhuhums.Curiously enough their language did not have words to express lies and other similar concepts; they were dignified and handsome, and their strength and speed were marvelous. On some occasions Gulliver discussed to the King that in Europe, human beings trained the horses and rode on their back and naturally roused great indignation in the king. When he went on to describe the fierce wars in Europe the king of Honyhuhums was greatly amazed at the perversion of human reason, but he consoled himself with the thought that these petty creatures could not do much mischief even if they wanted to.His amazement grew when he was told how many people in Europe were ruined by law and all advocates without exception were so accustomed to lying that they would never take up a true case. Gulliver further informed the king how in his own country a man rose to power â€Å"with prudence to dispose of a wife, a daughter or a sister† by betray ing a predecessor or by pretending to a furious zeal in public assemblies against the corruptions of the court. The chief minister’s palace was a seminary to breed others in his own trade, and they excelled in insolence, lying and bribery.The yahoo in Houyhuhums land has to ‘lick his master’s feet and posteriors and drive the female yahoos to his kennel, for which he was now and then rewarded with a piece of ass’s flesh â€Å"The houyhuhums were endowed by nature with a genial disposition to all virtues†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦their grand maxim is to cultivate reason. † Their convictions were never discolored by passion and self-interest. A universal friendship and benevolence governed all their conduct, but they had no ‘fond nesses or pets. They practiced a control of their population by restricting the progeny of each couple to one male and one female colt.It was again, reason and not passion, which governed propagation. The four lessons of their educa tion were ‘Temperature industry, Exercise and Cleanliness. ’ They trained up their youth to strength, speed and hardness. On the whole Houyhuhums maintained a high degree of decency and dignity. If they were not able to rise to great glories of the spirit, they were also incapable of descending into the depths of bestiality. Some of the Houyhuhums were afraid that because Gulliver possessed some rudiments of reasons he might try to seduce the yahoos of the land so it was decided that he must be expelled from the country.So he had a vessel constructed and he resumed his voyage. He fell into the hands of very cruel people but eventually a very kind-hearted Portuguese captain took him and put him safely on the shore of Byland, where he soon joined his wife and children. But he shuddered at the sight of them as they resembled the disgusting yahoos. â€Å"As soon as I entered my house. † Gulliver tells us, â€Å"my wife took me in her arms and kissed me; at which, ha ving not been used to the touch of the odious animal for so many years. I fell in a swoon for almost an hour. During the first year (of my return) I could not endure my wife or children in my presence.The very smell of them was intolerable; much less could I suffer them to eat in the room. † So great was his admiration for Houyhuhumn that for some time he used to walk like a horse and neigh like a horse. The tragic denunciation of man is rounded off with comic laughter. The book concludes with an assertion that â€Å"a traveler’s chief aim should be to make men wise and better, and to improve their minds by the bad as well as the good example of what they deliver concerning foreign places. † And Swift seems to feel that the most intolerable vice among the yahoo kind is pride.In one of his letter to Alxander Pope, Swift explained his aim in writing Gulliver Travels â€Å"the chief end I propose to myself in all my labours is to vex the world rather than divert it . † Nevertheless the book has been infinitely diverting and has established itself as a children’s classic. it is a universal favorite not because it is sought to ‘vex’ the reader’s into a realization of their individual and social follies and vices, but because the scene conceived a series of diverting situations and episodes and described them with plenty of imaginative and humorous details.In the first voyage, the diminutive Lilliputians, providing themselves on their destructive arms mere bows and arrows and their stratagems of war are ridiculous. And Gulliver could easily capture dozens of the enemy ships disregardful of the arrows which hit him. Page 4 The factions between the Big Enders and the Little_Enders been the High_heels and Low_heels, are ludicrous in the extreme. In the land of the Brobdingnagians the gigantic creatures as tall as church_steeples are equally amusing, particularly to children.The account of Gulliver’s fall throu gh the fingers of one of the two men and his miraculous escape from death by being stuck up on the pin of her ‘stomacher’, his adventure with the monstrous monkey, which took him all over the house-tops and tree-tops with the prospect of imminent death for Gulliver, the diversion of one of the maids of honour who stretched Gulliver on her breast, and a dozen similar episodes cannot fail to fascinate the reader. It is to be admitted that the third voyage, a voyage to Laputa is not half as successful as the one before it or the one that comes after it.It is episodic and confused. But the scientific and political projects such as trying to extract sun beams out of cucumbers, food out of human excreta, and gun powder out of ice are travesties of what Swift considers to the unprofitable research-projects in his own time. The tempo rises once again when we follow Gulliver through his last voyage. This time into the land of the rational Honyhuhmns. Apart from its satiric purpo se, the fourth book describes with humor and imagination the debased mankind and the rational noble Horses, who was Gulliver’s unbounded admiration for them.Since his return to England Gulliver found it difficult to adapt himself to his own species: he was repulsed, by his wife’s embraces and kisses; he walked like a horse and neighed like a horse; he built his tent in the stables and chose horses rather than human as his companions. Swift’s satire is directed as much against the Yahoo’s and the Honyhuhmns as against Gulliver himself. Certainly we shall be committing a gross mistake if we, like the 19th century critics of Swift, identify Gulliver with Swift himself, though it is true that in general places the identification is unmistakable.If we could ignore for the moment the political and moral allegory of â€Å"Gulliver’s travel† we can enjoy it as a fascinating narrative of adventures in which the imaginative frame work is amazingly fil led with apparently realistic details. It is at once an imitation and a parody of the traveller’s accounts and imaginary utopia’s which enchanted the Elizabethan’s and their successors. But â€Å"Gulliver’s Travels† is much more than a children’s classic. It is a merciless satire on the political and moral conditions of Europe in eneral and of England in particular. Swift intended to ‘vex’ his contemporary into a realization of their pettiness and pride, their avarice and manners, the enormity of their follies and vices, the degradation of their institution and their needless wars of destruction. Swift did not care to point out human follies and vices with gentle humor as did Addison and Steele; on the other hand his righteous indignation burnt fiercely in him, he fretted and fumed at the mouth; he quashed his teeth and poured out satire and sarcasm and invective.So fierce was the onslaught and so great the disgust that he has o ften been branded as a misanthrope and a cynic, but as we have already seen his Modest proposal should put us on our guard. In one of his letters to his friends, Alexander Pope, he said, ‘I hate and detest that animal called man, although I heartily love John, Peter Thomas and so forth. In the first book, the political satire is transparently clear. After his disillusionment with the Whigs, Swift went over to the Torries. Ever since he stood firm as a conservative and an ardent member of the Anglican church.He was indignant at the undeserved fall and exile of oxford and Bolingbroke (with whom Gulliver often identifies himself). The Lilliputians are the English; the Blefuscudians are the French, who were often at war with each other. Bolingbroke and saved England can Gulliver had saved the Lilliputians, but ingratitude and treachery drove the benefactor out of the country. The sexual promiscuity, the political machinations and the pettiness (as represented by their size) and pr ide of the Lilliputians are a satire on contemporary English society. Lilliput is sometimes utopia sometimes 18th century England made utterly contemptible by the small size of the people who exhibit the same vices and follies as the English. The account of Lilliputians politics with the quarrel between the high- heels and the low-heels and between the big-enders and the little-enders, is clearly a parody of English politics, on the other hand, this chapter on Lilliputian law and education is almost wholly utopian† (David Daichas). Page 5 In the second book, the satire is more complex.If in the first book, Swift satirized the pettiness of man and disproportionate pride and sense of importance, here Swift applies the magnifying glass to man’s disgustingly bloated vices, his repulsive physical features and bodily odour. Even the fairest of the female Brobdingnagians had disgustingly big blotches, pimples and freckles all over their skin and the offensive smell which emana ted from their body indicated that man had no reason to be proud. But, the satire here is two edged.When Gulliver expatiated upon the conditions of Europe in ironic admiration of its institutions and its warfare. The virtuous king of Brobdingnag was moved to exclaim-â€Å"I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth† for their history revealed. Nothing but ‘a heap of conspiracies, rebellions, murders, massacres, revolutions, banishments, the very affects that avarice fraction, hypocrisy, perfidiousness, cruelty, rage, madness, hatred, envy, just, malice and ambition could produce. It is to be admitted that this type of general satire the intended affect because everyone lays the blame at the door of others and never applies it to himself The voyage of Laputa satirises England’s tyranny over Ireland . It is easy to see in the flying island the oppressive role of England on the life of Ireland. Lindalino is anagram of Dublin. Swift ridicules the activities of the scientific experiments under taken by the Royal Society. Which is represented here by the academy of projectors in Lagado?Swift was concerned only with the ethics of life and the experiments in science and politics appeared to him as needless waste of time in the innumerable cells of the academy, one has been working at the ridiculous project of extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers another has been encaged for long in the project of turning human excrement in to human food and yet another has been trying to convert it in to gun powder here at any rate swift satire mysteries, for if science had been discouraged by this sardonic attack on them the present marvels of scientific discovery would have been impossible.The last voyageto houyhnhnm land take us into deeper waters. Critics of swift in the 18th and 19th centuries were misled into thinking that here swift was extolling the sensible animals and branding human beings irredeemably vicious and intolerably disgusting like the yahoos. it is true that swift scorn of debased man is terrible but Gulliver is not swift the ardent Anglican dean could not have held up to our unqualified admiration the houyhnhnms who were of course rational, decent, benevolent and friendly. They limited their families to two colts- one male and the other female.They imparted instruction to their youth intemperance, industry exercise and cleanliness. The praise of these animals is intended to show how very debased man can be when he perverts his reason and yields to his passions but if the houyhnhnms escape the depths of human depravity, they also miss the glory of the human life, certainly the modern view that swift is not to be identified with Gulliver does not admit of further dispute. 3. Swift is often accused of being a pessimist, a cynical gloomy misanthrope, a seventeenth century Timon of Athens.At any rate this was the view of swift which 18 th and 19th century critics of swift had consistently maintained This view has been stoutly challenged by modern critics who have examined the book from a variety of angles. In the first two books of Gulliver’s travels in Gulliver s voyage to Lilliput and Brobdingnag, there is obvious gentility though the narrator shows his disgust at the pettiness and the squabbles of the pygmies and the grossness of the Brobdingnaginas physical features.In Brodingnaginas, the nine year old Glumdaiclits is full of tender solicitude for his safety, and is almost in tears at her fathers greed in intending to amass money buy exhibiting Gulliver at the market place. The educational system of the Lilliputians and the Brodingnaginas view of life are almost utopian. The charge of pessimism and misanthropy cannot be sustained on the basis of these two voyages. In the third book the voyage to Laputta swift seems to ridicule with unspairing the severity the scientific e xperiments and philosophical speculations of his time, but ridicule is not misanthropy.The charge then is made mainly on the four book. The Yahoos are undoubted caricature of human beings: they lick the feet of the horse and are happy when some piece of ass’s flesh is thrown to them. The human kind seems Page 6 to be infinitely debased when contrasted with the Horses, which, by comparison, are governed by reason. There seems to be no redeeming quality in the Yahoos and the nineteenth century critics had no hesitation to brand the satirist as a misanthrope who hated man, a pessimist who saw in him not one redeeming virtue.The voyage to the Houyhnhnms was even considered â€Å"more or less symptomatic of mental disease†. But Gulliver was saved by a Portuguese captain, who showed him great kindness and refused to accept from him his passage money. The presence of Don Pedro is alone enough to disprove the charge of misanthropy. Besides are we justified in identifying Gulli ver with swift? Gulliver himself is often the victim of comic humour, when he returns home he feels disgusted with his own wife and family, he erects his residence in stables, and neighs like a horse.He is here the victim of the comic muse rather than the serious reformer of society. In this book, the Anglican clergyman appears as a preacher who believes in original sin and ridicules the eighteenth century clad about the perfectibility of man. Louis A. Landa has substantiated the view that Swift’s ‘pessimism is quite consonant with the pessimism at the heart of Christianity. † She has quoted in support of this view several passages from contemporary sermons. in my opinion†, says another modern critic, :the work is that of a Christian humanist and a moralist who no more blasphemes against the dignity of human nature than do St. Paul and some of the angrier prophets of the Old Testament†. It has been truly observed that his savage indictment of man† arises from philanthropy, not misanthropy, from idealism on what man might be, not from despair at what he is†. By P. Baburaj, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of English, Sherubtse college, Bhutan Page 7